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Courthouse Fires
by Arnold L. Dean

Recently, I asked about old tax records for our county at the treasurer's office. The clerk said, "Oh! All of those burnt in the courthouse fire." I asked, "When did our county courthouse have a fire?" The clerk replied, "I really don't know. That is just what I was told when I came to work here a few years ago." And so the story is repeated, often times without any evidence of it being true.

There have been some courthouses in Indiana that have had fires, which did destroy some records. However, this excuse has often been used when the person making the statement has no knowledge about older records, or to keep from having to go to the effort of making a search.

In Indiana Source Book, Volume 1, brief descriptions of the records that have been lost or preserved for counties which really have experienced courthouse fires are given. Below is a very brief summary of these counties, including the year of the fire, and what records were really destroyed or preserved.

COUNTY DATE OF FIRE STATUS OF PRIOR RECORDS
Boone Oct. 1856 Practically all lost
Brown -- All lost, except some clerk's files
Clay Nov. 1851 All lost except Recorder's records
Daviess 1879 Marriage records and index to probate and deed records were not destroyed
Dearborn Mar. 1826 Most records lost--some early marriage and will records exist
DeKalb 1913 Probate records before 1860 were the worst loss
Dubois Aug. 1839 All destroyed, except the WPA found 10 boxes of deeds from 1812
Franklin Feb. 1852 No records lost
Gibson 1935 No records harmed
Hancock Dec. 1940 No records harmed
Henry Feb. 1864 Clerk, recorded, auditor and treasurer's records were saved
Jackson ?1872? and ?1881? No records lost
Jasper 1864 Clerk's records were lost--deeds and deed indexes escaped damage
Johnson May 1849 and Dec. 1874 Records that survived: marriages from 1830, "complete" court records from 1823; recorder's entry book from 1822 and deeds and deed indexes from 1824
Knox Jan. 1814 Records that survived: marriages from 1807; order book from 1811; minutes book 1816-1818; orphan's court minutes 1796-1805; minutes of common pleas court 1790-1810; general indexes to administrations from 1795-1886; deeds from 1814 and wills from 1806
Madison Dec. 1880 Lost: marriage, circuit court and common pleas court records
Saved: wills from 1879, deeds from 1825, and general index to deeds from 1829
Martin Apr. 1876 Saved: all records of genealogical interest
Miami Mar. 1843 All records destroyed--deeds from 1828 survived
Morgan Mar. 1876 Some records destroyed. Saved: marriage and deed records from 1822, probate order books 1822-1836
Noble 1843 and 1859 Most of clerk's records were lost. Saved: marriages from 1859, deeds and deed indexes from 1836
Parke Oct. 1833 Saved: marriages from 1829; probate, deed and deed indexes from 1833
Porter Dec. 1934 All records saved
Spencer Sept. 1833 Saved: marriage and deed records
Sullivan Feb. 1850 All records destroyed except wills from 1841
Tipton 1857 Saved: records of genealogical interest
Union Feb. 1903 Water damage to records only
Vermillion Jan. 1844 All records saved
Wabash Apr. 1870 Saved: treasurer's, auditor's, recorder's and clerk's records.

Arnold L. Dean has several years experience as a professional family history researcher, and has published a number of books regarding Wayne County, Indiana records.